Frequently asked questions.

What is a Shaman?

"Shamans engage in a wide range of spiritual practices, but shamanism is generally marked by a deliberate shift in consciousness (Eliade's 'ecstasy') to facilitate meaningful two-way communication with spirits. A unique aspect, though not universal, is the out-of-body journey to other realms." . . . Shamans "share a disciplined interaction with spirits in non-ordinary reality to assist and heal others." . . . "In both traditional indigenous cultures and modern societies, shamans operate within a holistic framework, addressing the spiritual aspects of illness alongside conventional medical treatment for physical ailments and injuries." Michael Harner, Cave, and Cosmos, p. 48.

What is a shamanic journey?

"The shaman's journey (also called the 'magical flight' or 'soul journey') to the upper and lower worlds is a defining feature of shamanism that sets it apart from other spiritual paths. The primary goal of these journeys is to gain exceptional knowledge and assistance from these other realms, either for oneself or others." (Michael Harner, Cave, and Cosmos, Chapter 5, p. 67.)

"During these journeys, one can move 'outside of time' through a usually imperceptible universe, which is otherwise primarily known through dreams and myths." (Michael Harner, Cave, and Cosmos, Chapter 5, p. 70.)

A "guided visualization" does not constitute a shamanic journey.

What about the ethics of shamanic practice?

The ethics of shamanic practice revolve around respect, authenticity, and responsible guidance. Traditionally rooted in Indigenous cultures, shamanism involves spiritual healing, rituals, and connection with the unseen world. Ethical considerations include honoring the cultural origins of these practices, avoiding exploitation or commercialization, and ensuring practitioners engage in genuine, well-intended healing rather than misleading people with false promises. Consent, integrity, and mindfulness are key, ensuring that individuals seeking shamanic guidance are supported in an ethical and culturally respectful manner.

Can someone learn shamanism and healing without studying with an indigenous Shaman?

Over the years, the Foundation has helped tens of thousands of students master core shamanic methods to offer healing in their communities. With the West having lost its shamanic traditions long ago due to religious suppression, these programs aim to reconnect Westerners with their spiritual heritage through quality workshops and training. For most Westerners, exploring core shamanism, like shamanic journeying, proves more effective than mimicking a single culture's practices, as each culture's unique symbolism, mythology, and interpretations may not resonate in the same way for outsiders. See Michael Harner, Cave, and Cosmos, p. 46.

Do you need to be particularly sensitive or psychic to practice shamanic healing?

Not at all. In fact, being overly sensitive might make someone less suited for shamanic work. A shaman must be a "master of both realities" — deeply connected to helping spirits in non-ordinary reality while remaining grounded and present in this world to channel healing power effectively. Training, discipline, and strong connections with helping spirits are crucial. The ability to move seamlessly between ordinary and non-ordinary realities is a key trait of a skilled shamanic practitioner.

Can shamanism or shamanic healing be combined with other healing modalities (such as medicine, psychology, Reiki, massage therapy, therapeutic touch, hypnotherapy, etc.)?

Shamanism is a non-exclusive, holistic healing method that complements other healing disciplines like psychotherapy, medicine, and alternative practices. However, it’s advised not to mix shamanism with other methods in a single session with one client. Shamanic healing has its own unique power and effectiveness, refined over tens of thousands of years across all inhabited continents. It’s recommended to master both shamanism and any other healing modality before attempting to combine them. This helps maintain the integrity of the practices and ensures ethical and legal considerations are met, especially if you’re a licensed practitioner in another field.